IMAGE  EVALUATION 
TEST  TARGET  (MT-3) 


1.0 


I.I 


£f  us  1120 


12.2 


vM 


11-25  11.4   11.6 


—    6" 


// 


A 


mr 


«' 


? 


WTfc>w^.-<.' 


KiotDgraphic 

Sciences 

Corporation 


23  WEST  MAIN  STREET 

WEBSTER.  N.Y.  14580 

(716)  872-4503 


CIHM/ICMH 

Microfiche 

Series. 


CIHM/ICMH 
Collection  de 
microfiches. 


Canadian  Institute  for  Historical  Microreproductions  /  Institut  Canadian  de  microreproductions  historiques 


Technical  and  Bibliographic  Notes/Notes  techniques  et  bibliographiques 


The  Insl.tute  has  attempted  to  obtain  the  best 
original  copy  available  for  filming.  Features  of  this 
copy  which  may  be  bibliographically  unique, 
which  may  alter  any  of  the  images  in  the 
reproduction,  or  which  may  significantly  change 
the  usual  method  of  filming,  are  checked  below. 


L'Institut  a  microfilm^  le  meilleur  exemplaire 
qu'il  lui  a  6td  possible  de  se  procurer.  Les  details 
de  cet  exemplaire  qui  sont  peut-dtre  uniques  du 
point  de  vue  bibliographique,  qui  peuvent  modifier 
une  image  reproduite,  ou  qui  peuvent  exiger  une 
modification  dans  la  mdthode  normale  de  filmage 
sont  indiquds  ci-dessous. 


[a 


Coloured  covers/ 
Couverture  de  couleur 


D 


Coloured  pages/ 
Pages  de  couleur 


jTyl  Covers  damaged/ 

|V  I  Couverture  endommag^e 

1"^  Covers  restored  and/or  laminated/ 

l/\j  Couverture  restaurde  et/ou  pellicui6e 


n 


Pages  damaged/ 
Pages  endommag^es 

Pages  restored  and/or  laminated/ 
Pages  restaur6es  et/ou  pellicul^es 


n 


Cover  title  missing/ 

Le  titre  de  couverture  manque 


D 


Pages  discoloured,  stained  or  foxed/ 
Pages  d^colordes,  tachetdes  ou  piqudes 


D 


Coloured  maps/ 

Cartes  gdographiques  en  couleur 


□    Pages  detached/ 
Pages  ddtach^es 


D 


Coloured  ink  (i.e.  other  than  blue  or  black)/ 
Encre  de  couleur  (i.e.  autre  que  bleue  ou  noire) 


I      I    Showthrough/ 


Transparence 


D 
D 


Coloured  plates  and/or  illustrations/ 
Planches  et/ou  illustrations  en  couleur 

Bound  with  other  material/ 
Reli6  avec  d'autres  documents 


□    Quality  of  print  varies/ 
Quality  indgale  de  I'impression 

□    Inclur'ds  supplementary  material/ 
Comprend  du  materiel  supplementaire 


D 


D 


Tight  binding  may  cause  shadows  or  distortion 
along  interior  margin/ 

La  reliure  serr^e  peut  causer  de  I'ombre  ou  de  la 
distortion  le  long  de  la  marge  intdrieure 

Blank  leaves  added  during  restoration  may 
appear  within  the  text.  Whenever  possible,  these 
have  been  omitted  from  filming/ 
II  se  peut  que  certaines  pages  blanches  ajout^es 
lors  d'une  restauration  apparaissent  dans  le  texte, 
mais,  lorsque  cela  6tait  possible,  ces  pages  n'ont 
pas  6t6  film^es. 


D 
D 


Only  edition  available/ 
Seule  Edition  disponible 

Pages  wholly  or  partially  obscured  by  errata 
slips,  tissues,  etc.,  have  been  refilmed  to 
ensure  the  best  possible  image/ 
Les  pages  totalement  ou  partiellement 
obscurcies  par  un  feuillet  d'errata,  une  pelure, 
etc.,  ont  6t6  filmdes  d  nouveau  de  fapon  d 
obtenir  la  meilleure  image  possible. 


D 


Additional  comments:/ 
Commentaires  suppl6mentaires; 


\ 


This  item  is  filmed  at  the  reduction  ratio  checked  below/ 

Ce  document  est  film^  au  taux  de  reduction  indiqud  ci-dessous. 

18X  22X 


10X 


14X 


26X 


30X 


X 


12X 


16X 


20X 


24X 


28X 


32X 


s^;*!^^sri 


n  Wiir«'ht«»wawew»*»>ai»»M»»" 


^  agTAiwmtthitiWNBWiiiai-^  fe 


itails 
i  du 
odifier 
'  une 
mage 


IS 


errata 
to 


I  pelure, 
3n  d 


D 


32X 


The  copy  filmed  here  has  been  reproduced  thanks 
to  the  generosity  of: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

The  images  appearing  here  are  the  best  quality 
possible  considering  the  condition  and  legibility 
of  the  original  copy  and  in  keepina  wilh  the 
filming  contract  specifications. 


Original  copies  in  printed  paper  covers  are  filmed 
beginning  with  the  front  cover  and  ending  on 
the  last  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, or  the  bacK  cover  when  appropriate.  All 
other  original  copies  are  filmed  beginning  on  the 
first  page  with  a  printed  or  illustrated  impres- 
sion, and  ending  on  the  last  page  with  a  printed 
or  illustrated  impression. 


The  last  recorded  frame  on  each  microfiche 
shall  contain  the  symbol  —^(meaning  "CON- 
TINUED"), or  the  symbol  V  (meaning  "END"), 
whichever  applies. 

Maps,  plates,  charts,  etc.,  may  be  filmed  at 
different  reduction  ratios.  Those  too  large  to  be 
entirely  included  in  one  exposure  are  film^ad 
beginning  in  the  upper  left  hand  corner,  left  to 
right  and  top  to  bottom,  as  many  frames  as 
required.  The  following  diagrams  illustrate  the 
method: 


12  3 


L'exemplaire  film6  fut  reproduit  grflce  d  la 
g6n6rosit*  de: 

Library  of  Congress 
Photoduplication  Service 

Les  images  suivantes  ont  6x6  reproduites  avec  le 
plus  grand  soin,  compte  tenu  de  Ic  conditton  et 
de  la  netteti  de  l'exemplaire  film6,  et  en 
conformity  avec  les  conditions  du  contrat  de 
filmage. 

Les  exemplaires  originacx  dont  la  couverture  en 
papier  est  imprim^e  sont  film6s  en  commenpant 
par  le  premier  plat  et  en  terminant  soit  par  la 
dernidre  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration,  soit  par  le  second 
plat,  selon  le  cas.  Tous  les  autres  exemplaires 
originaux  sont  film6s  en  commenqant  par  la 
premiere  page  qui  comporte  une  empreinte 
d'impression  ou  d'illustration  et  en  terminant  par 
la  derni&re  page  qui  comporte  une  teiie 
empreinte. 

Un  des  symboles  suivants  apparaitra  sur  la 
dernidre  image  de  cheque  microfiche,  selon  le 
cas:  le  symbole  — ►  signifie  "A  SUIVRE",  le 
symbole  V  signifie  "FIN  ". 

Les  cartes,  planches,  tableaux,  etc..  peuvent  dtre 
filmte  d  des  taux  de  reduction  diff6rents. 
Lorsque  le  document  est  trop  grand  pour  dtre 
reproduit  en  un  seul  clich6,  il  est  filmd  A  partir 
da  Tangle  8up6rieur  gauche,  de  gauche  6  droite, 
et  de  haut  en  bas.  en  prenant  le  nombre 
d'Images  n^cessaire.  Les  diagrammes  suivants 
illustrant  la  m^thode. 


1 

2 

3 

4 

5 

6 

I 

i 


^ 


I   if 


^ 


UK 


SERIES -I 


FIQ^ERS 


OF- APRIL- MAY- 
AND-EARLY-JVNE 


With  life 
size  pen  and 

INK   STVDIES 
FROM  NATVRE 

BY 


F.5CHVYLER  MATHEWS 


TABER- PRANG  ART  CQ 

BOSTON  &  SPRINGFIELD, MASS. 

JGHT 1R93  BvlABW-PfVii  ■•gApt  Co  Boston,  u-'>a 


4^^^ 


r 


A     ' 


ih'iniiliri  nil-r  li  Iff!  mmi^i^timtmm 


muuSiitiiftiimtltii 


i'li'lii'iiii.'jp-ij.iii 


i 


AYSIDE 


FlO^C'ERS 


1  i 
t  ) 

(i 


SERIES  I.  BEING  A  DESCRIPTION  OF  AMERICAN 
WILD  FLOWERS  THAT  BLOOM  IN 
APRIL,  MAY,  AND  EARLY  JUNE  ^   ^ 


I  ; 


BY  F.  SCHUYLER  MATHEWS  ^  ^  ^ 
ILLUSTRATED  WITH  PEN  AND  INK 
DRAWINGS  FROM  NATURE  BY  THE 
AUTHOR   J^  jfij.jfijikjfkjfkjfkjfkjkjk 


r 


TABER- PRANG  ART  (P 
■BOSTON  &  SPRINGFI  ELD.  MASS. 


L  . 


iJjMyiMimiiiiiiiiir'i  iw»r 


1^ 


\\ 


38764 

Copyright  laaSBrTABERPRANGART  Co.Ba5ToN,L'  5A 


WAYSIDE  FLOWERS. 


PREFACE,   SERIES   1. 


HE  division  of  a  popular  work  on 
wild  flowers  into  four  sections,  which 
are  designated  by  special  seasons,  is  a 
practical  and  simple  method  of  sort- 
ing out  the  flowers  according  to  the 
way  of  Nature,  without  troubling  one  with  the  com- 
plex system  of  the  botanist.  It  is  a  useful  sort  of 
classification,  because,  to  one  who  chafes  at  the  delay 
necessarily  attending  the  search  for  a  flower's  family 
name  among  the  records  in  a  manual  of  botany,  the 
advantage  of  having  a  picture  of  the  flower  directly 
connected  with  the  time  of  its  appearance,  it  must  be 
acknowledged,  is  immeasurably  great. 

For  those,  however,  who  prefer  to  find  a  flower 
properly  placed  among  its  family  relations,  I  have 
provided  a  classified  index,  which  includes  some  very 
important  definitions  and  a  nomenclature  according 
to  Dr.  Asa  Clray.  Each  of  the  four  series  is  a  com- 
plete book  in  itself,  that  is,  ■  f  -r  as  it  goes ;  and 
with  "  Gray's  Manual  "  in  hand  ■  will  be  found  that 
the  series  cover  a  well-trodden  path  through  the 
garden  of  Nature,  which  will  materially  aid  one  in 
pursuing  investigations  beyond  the  limitations  of  the 
wayside. 

Although  I  have  drawn  many  of  the  commoner 
flowers,  I  have  not  neglected  those  interesting  ones 
which  are  less  common  ;  here  and  there  1  have  intro- 
duced an  unfamiliar  character  with  the  hope  of  stim- 


ulating an  interest  in  a  search  for  those  rarer  flowers 
which  frequently  nestle  beside  characters  thoroughly 
well  known. 

It  is  not  possible  for  anyone  to  make  a  choice  of 
one  hundred  familiar  wild  flowers,  which  might  corre- 
spond with  our  preconceived  ideas  of  what  is  most 
representative.  What  is  common  to  one  person  is 
uncommon  to  another ;  and  with  about  four  hundred 
flowers  to  choose  from,  it  is  not  likely  that  the  selec- 
tions of  any  two  persons  would  bear  a  close  resem- 
blance. My  choice,  therefore,  has  been  largely 
directed  toward  the  proper  recognition  of  the  most 
interesting  flower  families,  and  the  members  of  these 
families  have  posed  for  their  pictures  in  the  most 
natural  attitudes. 

EavU  flower  or  leaf  is  drawn  jusf  as  it  grnt', 
without  the  slightest  deference  to  a  standard  type,  or 
a  general  average,  or  anything  else  of  the  kind.  A 
thoroughbred  Yankee  is  not  lacking  in  distinctive 
qualities  ;  it  is  not  necessary  that  he  should  look  like 
"  Uncle  Sam."  An  Iris  is  an  Iris,  yet  there  are  no 
two  exactly  alike  ;  we  do  not  want  to  be  forever  fur- 
nished with  representative  Irises ;  we  want  a  chance 
to  see  the  differences.  , 

A  careful  study  of  the  wild  flowers  brings  one  to 
a  realization  of  the  fact  that  Nature's  handiwork  is 
infinite ;  she  is  not  content  with  senseless  duplica- 
tions. 

F.  Schi;yler  Mathews. 


if 


(Oi 


^^g|g^ggg|^,i(ggjl|^S^^;giji(S|<f^^  io^ih.  ** 


Series  1. 


i       ■ 


Liverwort,  Hepatlca 

Hepdtica  triloba. 


Mayflower,  TrallitiK  Arbul 


Liverwort,  Hepatlca. 

He pd  tic  a  triloba. 

Kamiiy     .    .    RANUNCULACE/E,  Crowfoot. 

Color   .    .    .    Lilac-white,  or  pale  purple. 

Blooms     .    .    April,  early  May. 

Environment,    Woods,  anil  woody  pasture-land. 

Height     .    .    3  ins.  to  4  ins. 

Habitat     .    .    Common.  Mc.  to  Minn,  and  Mo., and 
northward. 
Character:   Leaves  thin,  hairy,  leathery,  almost 
evergreen,  appearing  later  than  the  flowers  i 
one  of  the  earliest  spring  flowers. 


Mayflower,  Trailing  Arbutus. 

Efii^iea  trpnis. 

.    .    ERICACEi^-:.     Heath. 

.    .    White,  waxy,  pink-tinged,  lighter  or 

deeper. 
.    .    April-May. 

Woodland  openings,  rocky  soil,  hill- 
sides. 
3  ins.  to  4  ins. 
Me.  to  Minn.,  south  to  Fla.  and  Ky. 

Character:  Very  fragrant.  Thick-leaved,  rusty 
stemmed,  trailing  over  the  ground;  flowers 
immediately  succeeding  snow. 


Family      .     . 
Color    .     .     . 

Uloonis      .     , 
Environment. 

Height      .     . 
Habitat     . 


•J 


Jl 


(3> 


layflower,  TralliiiK  Arbul 


Series  i. 


}    I 


Marsh  Marigold   (wrongly  called  Cowslip). 
Ciltha  fia/iislHs. 


Dutchman's  Breeches. 

Dicintra   Cucullaria. 


'»***»M»in...At-» 


_iu„,._— ^.,My,uwu;.  — j..^  ^.,.„,M-Mi.j3i^iiJ~vt'^ 


^:M!M^- 


ESliU^•  :ir  J5Ui«:f ' 


Marsh  Marigold   (wrongly  called  Cowslip). 
Cii/tfia  pa/iiitris. 

lamily      .    .  RANUNCUI.ACEv*:,  Crowfoot. 

Color    .    .  Golden,  shining  vcllow. 

Bloomii     .    .  April-Mav. 

Knvironmeiit.  In   wct   meadows,  beside  brooks,  on 

marshy  ground. 

Height     .    .  8  ins.  to  1  ft.,  rarely  2  ft, 

nal)itat     .    .  Common  northward. 

Character:  A  thick-leaved  stocky  plant,  with  a 
buttercuplike  flower. 


Dutchman's  Breeches. 

Dicentra   Ciuul/driu. 

Family     .    .    FUMARIACEi^.     Fumitory. 
Color   .    .    .    White,  cream-yellow  tipped. 
Blooms     .    .    April-May. 

Envipnment,     Rich  Woods,  shaded  rocky  slopes. 
Height     .    .    7  ins.  to  10  ins. 
Habitat    .    .    NewYork  westward,  common. 
Character:  Delicate, slender, ornamental  leaved ; 
flower  with  two  spurs. 


Ml 


Dutchman's  Breeches. 

Dicentra   Cuculldria. 


(*) 


1:1 


Series  1. 


'II 
III 

^  i 


'    i! 


1 11 


■:■?*. 


Adder's  Tongue,  Dog's-Tooth  Violet. 

Erythrbnium  Americanum. 

Family      .    .    LILIACE^.      Lily. 
Color   .    .    .    Light  and  deeper  dull  yellow. 
Blooms     .    .    April-May. 

Environment,     Rich  ground,  borders  of  moist  wood- 
lands. 
Height     .    .    5  ins.  to  7  ins. 
Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  Fla.,  west  to  Minn,  and  Ark. 

Character:   Leaves  often  mottled  with  purple, 

*     or  green-white. 


Bloodroot. 

Sanguinaria   Canadensis. 

Family     .    .    PAPAVERACE^.     Poppy. 

Color  .    .    .    White,  yellow  anthers. 

Blooms    .    .    April-May. 

Environment,    Open,  rich  woods,  borders  of  meadows, 
roadsides. 

Height     .    .    8  ins.  to  10  ins. 

Habitat    .    .    Common. 

Character:  Stems  with  acrid,  orange  juice. 
Floweropens  before  the  leaves  reach  maturity  ^ 
the  latter  early  curl  over  the  buds  which  later 
outgrow  the  leaves. 


Goldthread. 

Cdptis  trifblia. 

Family     .    .    RANUNCULACEiE,  Ctowfoot, 
Color   .    .    .    White. 
Blooms     .    .    May. 

Environment,     Bogs,  and  moist  woodlands. 
Height     .    .    3  ins.  to  5  ins. 
Habitat    .    .    Common  northward,  south  along  the 
mts.  to  Md.,  west  to  Iowa. 
Character :  Bright,  shiny,  evergreen,  dark-green 
leafi  rootlets  bright  yellow. 


m 


Goldthread. 

Ciptis  Iri/olia. 


'D 


^Bjiffiiiiat5aMaaBt^UM^^;lt^JJlllibtfa^^ 


f  i! 


If 


■v 


>    I 


i  t 


Series  1. 


,?«■-' 


M« 


False  Solomon's  Seal. 

Smilacena  stellita. 

Family     .    .    LILIACEyE,  Lily. 

Color    .    .    .    White. 

Blooms    .    .    May,  early  June. 

Environment,    Moist  banks,  edges  of  copses,  borders 

of  damp  woods. 
Height     .    .    8  ins.  to  I  ft. 
Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  N.  J.,  west  to  East  Kan.  and 

Minn.,  and  westward. 
Character  :   Pale,  smooth,  bluish  green  leaves ; 
berries  blackish. 


Star  Flower. 

Trienfdlis  Americdna. 

Family     .    .    PRIMULACE^,  Primrose. 
Color   .    .    .    White. 
Kioon-s    .    .    May. 
Environment,     Damp,  cold  woods. 
Height    .    .    3  ins.  to  5  ins. 

Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  Minn.,  south  to  northern  Ind., 
and  mts.  of  Va. 
Character  ;   Leaf  light  green,  thin  ;  flower  star- 
pointed. 


k 

l:-rz 


r9> 


■',»'>5i«Bgil)lKli<<iu4IWmXIUU<.*'U.Ul«ttJIJJJJt««WI<W!^ 


,''. 


'  'iH 


Series  1. 


r3E4iissuSss=r,-*B3Ws; 


Painted  Triltium. 

Trillium  eryllirocdr/ium 


■^at^KiKs;, 


-■^^^w^^^S^"-  7^^ti^'d& 


..■^sfsi^s?^^^ 


t'4S=K^^'---^,-«fet!^i'5S*SsS3eS-..aH1;Mfci-iftftte-!!Sa»iW"Ji^  -rS'  -IVriSiyeMW^^^.? gL?',^^*!' VMj.-fc-. -ti^rJi:. -i 


^f.f<''^.',>j| 


Painted  Trillium. 

TriHium  erythrocarpum. 

Family      .    .    LILIACEiE,  Lily. 

Color  .    .    .    White,  petal  angularly  marked  with 

crimson. 
Bloomi    .    .    April-May. 
Environment,    Cold  damp  woods,  and  bogs. 
Height     .    .    9  ins.  to  i  ft. 

Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  Ga.,  west  to  Wise,  and  Mo. 
Character:    Leaves  taper-pointed;  flower  and 
leaves  wavy. 


-%, 


Wake-Robin.  Birthroot. 

Trillium  f rectum. 

Family     .    .    LILIACi" /*:,  Lily. 

Color  .    .    .    Dull  brownish  red,  often  pinkish  or 

whitish. 
Blooms    .    .    April-May.        -         • 
Environment,     Rich  woods. 
HeiKht     .    .    7  ins.  to  10  ins. 
Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  N.  C,  wcst  to  Minn,  and  Mo. 
Character :  Flowers  variable  in  color,  ill-scented ; 
leaves  broadly  round,  pointed. 


■  i 


w 


m 
w. 


m 


(U) 


^SBKilSiol; 


i>M»jl«>»J«lwwii*i«aiWJ*i'i"ltiM>»*'' ' 


HSMiJnE" 


%jlfimiTiriBTl»F''rWi  - 


i^^^&i^m^^ 


^-«'-',^^w^Ki»^'   -f— t-^":?^  jf-.^T^":""    ;_"^,  £  E-,^«"*jji#iS^i«i!'Jfe-R(»;*i:-:> 


y 


\ 


^ 


Rue  Anemone. 

Anemonella  thalictrohies. 


RANUNCULACE/E,  Crowfoot. 

White,  rarely  pink-tinged. 

April-May. 

Woodlands. 

3  ins.  to  5  ins. 

Common  northward. 


Family  .  . 
Color  .  .  . 
Bloomn  .  . 
Environment, 
Height  .  . 
Habitat     .     . 

Character :   5  to  i  o  white  sepals,  several  flowers, 
blooms  in  company  with  A.  ntmerha. 


Wood  Anemone,  Wind-flower. 

Anemone  quinquifolia.     Dr.  Robinson. 
Anemhne  nemorhsa. 

Family    .    .    RANUNCULACEiE,  Crowfoot. 
Color  .    .    .    White,  rarely  outer  surface  of  sepals 

purplish. 
Blooms    .    .    April-May. 
Environment,    Woodlands,  margins  of  woods. 
Height  .    4  ins.  to  10  ins. 

Habiut    .    .    Common  northward. 

Character :  4  to  7  white  sepals,  bearing  a  single 

short-stemmed  flower;  plant-stem  perfectly 

simple. 


Twin  Flower. 

Linnia  boreilis. 

Family      .    .    CAPRIFOLIACEiE,  Honeysuckle. 
Color   .    .    .    Pink  of  a  crimson   tone    delicately 

graded  to  white. 
Blooms    .    .    Late  May-early  June. 
Environment,    Moist,  moSSy  woo(^lands. 
Height     .    .    3  ins.  to  4  ins. 
Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  N.  J.  and  mts.  of  Md.,  west 

to  Minn.,  and  extreme  north. 
Character:  Delicately  fragrant  nodding  flower} 
a  vine. 


^i 


a3> 


i^meHK--  .■^>im)sm»inemm.. 


•*«^i!«WF3K31«I*BfS]j.»r> ;. 


Bellwort. 

Oaiisia  sesiilifhlia. 

Family     .    .    LILIACEiE,  Lily. 

Color   .    .    .    Yellowish,  or  cream  color,  sometimes 

slightly  greenish. 
Blooms     .    .    April-May. 

Environment,     Low  woods,  margins  of  woodlands. 
Height      .     .    8  ins.  to  I  ft. 
Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  Fla.,  west  to  Minn.,  Neb.  and 
Ark. 
Character:   Inconspicuous  flower  hanging  be- 
neath the  leaves. 


Yellow  Wood-Sorrel. 

Oxalis  corniculata  var.  stricta. 

Family     .    .    GERANIACEiE,  Geranium. 

Color  .    .    .    Yellow,  of  a  golden  tone-,  not  bright, 
but  light. 

Blooms    .    .    May,  continues  sparingly  until  Sep- 
tember. 

Environment,    Roadsides,  borders  of  fields,  and  wood- 
lands. 

Height     .    .    3  ins.  to  5  ins. 

Habitat    .    .    Common. 

Character :    Variable,  low,  drooping  trifoliate 
leaves. 


E5 


i.\S^ 


:// 


nflower. 
False  Mitrewort. 

u  coriiifblta. 


Family      .     . 
Color    .     .     . 

Bloomi     .     . 
Environment, 

Height      .    . 
Habitat     .     . 


Canada  Mayflower. 

Maidtifhfmum   Canadime. 

Family     .    .  LILIACE-*',,  Lily. 

Color  .    .    .  White. 

Bloomi    .    .  May  and  early  June. 

Environment,  Moist  woods. 

Height     .    .    3  ins.  to  5  ins. 

Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  N.  C,  we  it   to   Minn,  and 
Iowa. 

Character:    Fine  flowersi  i  iconspicuous,  shiny 
leafage. 


Robin's  Plantain. 

Erigeron  bfllidifhlius. 

COMPOSIT/E,  Composite. 

Lighter  or  deeper  pale  violet,  yellow 
center. 

May,  early  June. 

Copses,  moist  banks,  roadsides,  bor- 
ders of  fields. 

10  ins.  to  1 8  ins. 

Common. 


Character :  Asterlike,  stout-stemmed. 


Foamflower,   False  Mitrewort. 

Tiarflla  iordifhha. 

Family     .    .    SAXIFRAGACEyE,  Saxifrage, 
Color  .    .    .    White. 

Blooms    .    .    April-May,  sometimes  early  June. 
Environineiit,    Rich  woods,  and  moist,  shady  dells. 
Height  6  ins.  to  8  ins. 

Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  Minn,  and   Ind.,  and  south 
through  the  mts. 
Character  :  A  hairy  surfaced,  maplelike,  mottled 
green  leaf. 


(17) 


mi^tallMBMllI 


^^1 


Solomon's  Seal. 

Polxgonhtum  bift'orum. 

Kimilv     .    ,    IJLlACEv*:,  Lily. 

c.l.ir   .    .    .    Grccnish-white. 

BIcMimn     .    .    May,  t'«rly  June. 

Knvironnient,    Wooded  hillsides,  shady  roadsides. 

Height  10  ins.  to  1 8  ins.,  rarely  3  Jt. 

Haliitai  .  .  Mc.  to  Kla.,  wist  to  Minn.,  p^astern 
Kan.  and  Tex. 
Character ;  Root  pitted  like  a  seal  print,  hence 
the  name:  Solomon's  Seal.  Mostly  two 
flowers  at  base  of  each  leaflet ;  berries  in 
autumn,  tirst  green,  then  blue-black  like 
grapes. 


^<<^£7 


Fringed   Poly«;ala,  Flowering  Wintergreen. 

Poly^ala  pancifhlia, 

Family     .    .    POLYGALACE/E,  Milkwort. 

Color   .    .    .    Magenta,  rarely  white,  often  a  crim- 
son-pink, near  magenta. 

Bluoms     .    .    May,  early  June. 

Knvironment,    Woods,  woody  roadsides. 

Height     .    .    3  ins.  to  4  ins. 

Habitat    .    .    Me.  to  Minn,  and  HI.,  and  Southward 
along  Alleghany  Mts. 
Character:  Trailing,  vinclike;  the  subterranean 
shoots  bear  concealed  fertile  flowers. 


K  Wintergreen. 

ia. 


09) 


SMMHII"*'"'*'*"" 


nil 


V 

V 


rl 
i  11  ' 


ill::; 


,aA  ■--''•;  r«i5S3"--^-'«' 


i*?*«iS 


Wood  Sorrel. 

Oxa/is  AcetosHla. 


Jack-in-the-Pulpit,  Indian  Turnip. 

Arisckma  triphyllum. 

Family .    .    .    ARACEiE,  Arum. 

Color  .    .    .    Pale  green,  heavily  striped  with  shiny 

madder  brown. 
Blooms    .    .    April,  early  June. 
Environment,    Rich  woods,  beside  brooks. 
Height     .    .    I  ft.  to  1 8  ins. 
Habitat    .    .    Me.   to    Fla,,   west   to    Minn,    and 

Eastern  Kan. 
Character  :  Leaves  taller  than  flower,  hiding  it; 
fruit  at  first  green,  finally  scarlet. 


Wood  Sorrel. 

dxalis  AcetosHla. 

Family      .     . 

GERANIACEiE,  Geranium. 

Color    .     .     . 

White,  crimson-pink  veins. 

Blooms     .     . 

Late    May,   early   June,   sometimes 

early  July. 

Environment, 

Deep,  cold  woods. 

Height      .    . 

2  ins.  to  5  ins. 

Habitat     .     . 

Me.  to    Penn.,  Lake   Superior   and 

northward;  southward  in  the  Alle- 

ghany Mts. 

f21) 


.Cil'! 


;S! 


Series  I. 


>  ■;'•!  I 


'  '' ;; ' 


Blue  Plaz,  Larger. 

Jris  versicolor. 


Blue  Flag,  Larger. 

Iris  versicolor. 

IRIDACEiE,  Iris. 

Lighter  or  deeper  violet,  striped  purple, 
white  and  yellow. 

May,  early  June,  sometimes  through- 
out June. 

Beside  streams,  ponds,  and  in  swamps. 

1  ft.  to  2  ft. 

Me.  to  Fla.,  west  to  Minn,  and  Ark. 
Character:  Stem  angled  on  one  side;  leaves 
sword-shaped. 


Family  .  . 
Color    .     .     . 

Blooms      .     ■ 

Environment, 
Height  .  . 
Habitat     .    . 


Series  1. 


"Srrr^-- 


SS^^ 


t 


^ 


ranium,  Cranesbill. 

'iiiHiii  miitiilatuin. 


Wild  Parsnip. 

Zizia  aurta. 

Family     .    .    UMBELLIFER/f:,  Parsley. 
Color   ...    A  not  very  bright  golden  yellow. 
Blooms    .    .    May-June. 
Environment,    Roadsides,    meadows,   and    meadow 

copses. 
Height     .    .    1 8  ins.  to  2  ft.,  rarely  3  ft. 
Habitat    .    .    Atlantic  states,  west  to  Minn.,  and 

Tex. 
Character :  Smooth,  lined  stem ;  aromatic  odor 
when  bruised. 


Wild  Qeranium,  Cranesbill. 

Geranium  maculatum. 

Family     .    .  GERANIACE/E,  Geranium. 

Color  .    .    .  Pale  magenta-pt'.rple. 

Blooms    .    .  May-June,  sometimes  early  July. 

Environment,  Open  woods,  roadsides,  fields. 

Height      ..  I  ft.  to  2  ft. 

Habitat    .    .  Common. 


Character:  Stem  erect  and  hairy. 


(26) 


yiWHMilS 


Mfarrt.-MBit'J 


iU««ftli->a'.i?tV-«nlii<fii'l"fMiiliaiiiii 


SYSTEMATICAL    INDEX. 


11 ' ' 


1 1'l 


i'wt 


Pi '  > 


s;  . 


IIJ! 


Sari*.  Pp. 

I^ANUNCULACE^,  Crowfoot. 
Herbi  with  numerous  stamens,  and 
usually  more  than  one  pistil,  all 
the  parts  of  the  flower  distinct,  and 
inserted  on  the  receptacle.  Calyx 
often  colored  like  a  corolla,  when 
the  latter  is  wanting. 

Thimble-weed,  Aiummu  Vir- 
giniana II-2I 

Wood  Anemone,  Wind-flower. 
AntmoHtfumguifolia.  Ant- 
mom  ntmorosa       ....      I-13 

Liverwort,  Hepatica,  Hipaiita 
iriMa I-  3 

Rue  Anemone,  AHtmmuUa 
Ikalulroidts I- 13 

Marsh  Marigold,  Caliha paluslrts  I-  s 

Goldthread,  Copiii  trifolia  .     .     I-  7 

Co\Mm'ci\TX,AquiUgiaCamultH3is\\-  5 

PAPAVERACE^  Poppy. 
Herbs  with  regular  flowers,  calyx 
mostly  of  two  sepals  which  fall  when 
the  blossom  opens,  petals  twice  or 
3-5  times  as  many,  numerous  free 
stamens.  Juice  usually  milky  or 
colored  and  narcotic. 

Bloodroot,  SaHguinaria  Caita- 
dtHsis I-  7 

rUMARIACE^  Fumitory. 
Delicate  and  sn-.,'  °i  herbs.  Sepals 
2,  scale-il .  ;  4  larger  irregular  and 
closed  peuls,  the  two  outer  with 
spreading  tips,  and  I  or  both  spurred 
or  saccate  at  base,  the  3  inner  and 
smaller  united  by  their  tips,  which 
inclose  the  anthers  of  the  6  stamens 
in  2  sets  along  with  the  stigma. 
Compound  leaver,. 

Dutchman's  Breeches,  Dicentra 

Cucullaria I-  5 

CARYOPHYLLACE^,  Pink. 

Herbs  with  regular  flowers  with  not 
over  I  o  stamens,  2-5  styles  or  sessile 
stigmas,  mostly  separate  to  the  base. 
Calyx  persistent.  Petals  sometimes 
minute  or  wanting.  Opposite  en- 
tire leaves. 

Long-leaved  Stitchwort,  SUUa- 
ria  IcHgifolia "~  5 

HYPERICACE^,  St.  John's-wort. 
Perfect   flowers  with   many  or  few 
stamens  (usually  in  3  or  5  clusters) 
inserted  on  the  receptacle.     Leaves 
opposite,  entire,  simple. 

Upright-leaved  St.  John's-wort, 

Hypericum  adprtsium  .  IV-  7 

Common  St.  John's-wort,  Hy- 
ptricum  perforatum    .     .     .  IV-  7 

OERANIACEvE,  Geranium. 

Herbs  with  regular  flowers  on  the 
plan  of  5,  stamens  10,  herbage 
scented.  Leaves  simple,  variously 
lobed  or  even  dissected.  (In  Oxalis 
leaves  compound,  of  3  obcordate 
leaflets,  and  flowers  usually  open  only 
in  sunshine.) 

Wild  Geranium,  Cranesbill,  Ge- 

mHium  maculatum  I-25 

Herb  Robert,  Gtramum  Raber- 
tianum IV-  9 


Snim.  Pp. 
Wood  Sorrel,  Oxalis  Acetosella  1-2 1 
Yellow    Wood-Sorrel,    Oxalit 

corniculala  VM.  siricia  I- 15 

Jewelweed,  Touch-me-not,  /m- 

patient  pallida III-19 

POLYGALACE^,  Milkwort. 
Herbs  with  very  irregular  flowers. 
Calyx  persistent  of  5  sepals;  3  of 
them  snuUI,  viz. :  2  on  the  lower, 
and  I  on  the  upper  side  of  the  blos- 
som, and  I  on  each  side  called 
wings,  which  are  larger,  colored  and 
would  be  taken  for  petals.  Within 
these  on  the  lower  side,  are  3  petals 
united  into  1  body,  the  middle  one 
keel-shaped  and  often  bearing  a 
crest.  Stamens  6  or  8  concealed  in 
the  hooded  middle  peul.  Leaves 
simple,  entire,  alternate  or  whorled. 

Fringed  Polygala,  Flowering 
Wintergreen,  Polygala  pauci- 
folia I-I9 

WVAVvon,  Polygala  polygama   .  III-ii 

Milkwort,  Polygala  cruciata      .  IV-  ; 

LEGUMINOS<€,  Pulse. 
Flowers  (always  on  the  plan  of  5, 
and  stamens  not  exceeding  10)  truly 
papilionaceous,  i.e.  butterflylike  or 
having  a  sundard,  keel  and  wings. 
Sepals  united  more  or  less  into  a 
tube  or  cup.  Leaves  compound  and 
alternate. 

Wild  Indigo,  Baptisia  tinctoria    IV-3 

ROSACEiC,  Rose. 
Plants  with  regular  flowers,  numer- 
ous (rarely  few)  distinct  stamens  in- 
serted on  the  calyx,  and  i  or  many 
pistils,  which  are  quite  distinct. 
Calyx  of  5  or  rarely  3,  4  or  8  sepals, 
united  at  the  base.  Petals  as  many 
as  the  sepals,  and  inserted  with  the 
sumens  on  the  edge  of  a  disk  that 
lines  the  calyx  tube.  Leaves  alter- 
nate and  stipulate. 

Meadowsweet,  Spir,ra  salicifolia  1 1- 1 9 

Hardback,  Steeple-bush,  .S//r(7a 
tomenlosa II-19 

Purple  Flowering-Raspberry, 
Rubiis  odoratus      ....    II-17 

Wild  Swamp  Rose,  Rosa  Caro- 
lina     Ill-  7 

SAXIFRAGACE^,  Saxifrage. 
Flowers  mostly  nerfect  with  as  many 
or  twice  as  many  stamens,  and  fewer 
styles  or  stigmas  than  there  are 
petals  or  sepals.  Stamens  and  pet- 
als generally  borne  on  the  calyx. 

Foamflower,   False  Mitrewort, 

Tiarella  cordifoUa      .     .     .     I-i  7 

DROSERACE^,  Sundew. 
Bog  herbs,  with  regular  flve-petaled 
flowers,  and  bristly  fringed   leaves 
in  a  tuft  at  the  root.     Insectivorous 
plants. 

Long-leaved  Suno^w,  Drotera 
intermedia  var.  America':  .  iii-  .15 

MELASTOMACEiC,  Melastoma. 
Plants   with    opposite    simple  3-7 
ribbed  leaves,  no  stipules,  as  many 


S«riM.  Pp. 
or  twice  as  many  stamens  as  petals, 
both  inserted  in  the  throat  of  the 
calyx,  anthers  of  peculiar  shape 
opening  by  a  small  hole  at  the  apex 
Meadow     Beauty,     Deergrass, 

Rkexia  Virginica    ,     .     .     .  III-19 

ONAGRACE/E,  Evening  Primrose. 
Herbs  or  shrubs  with  showy  perfect 
and  symmetrical  flowers  in  fours 
(rarely  in  two  to  sixes)  throughout. 
The  calyx  tube  bearing  the  petals, 
and  as  many  or  twice  as  many 
stamens.  Styles  always  united  into 
one. 

Fireweed,  EpHoiinm  anguslifo- 

lium III-15 

Hairy  Willow-herb,  Epilobium 

hirsMtum III-15 

Evening  Primrose,    CEnolhera 
biennis IV-  7 

UMBELLIFER-E,  Parsley. 

Herbs  with  small  flowers  in  com- 
pound umbels  calyx  with  5  minute 
teeth  or  none,  ;  petals,  5  stamens 
and  2  styles.  Stems  usually  hollow. 
Leaves  alternate,  more  commonly 
compound. 

Wild  Parsnip,  Zitia  aurea  .     ■     \-i$ 

CAPRIFOLIACE^  Honeysuckle. 
Shrubs,  or  rarely  herbs ;  stamens  as 
many  as  the  lobes  of  the  corolla  and 
borne  on  its  tube.     Leaves  opposite 
without  stipules. 

Twin  Flower,  Linnaa  borealis     1-13 

RUBIACEiC,  Madder. 
Shrubs  or  rarely  herbs,  stamens  as 
many  as  the  lobes  of  the  corolla  and 
borne  on  its  tube.  Entire  opposite 
leaves  with  stipules  between  them, 
or  else  (as  in  Galium)  the  leaves 
whorled  without  stipules. 

Bluets,  Quaker  Ladies,  Hovslo- 
nia  carnUa II-  3 

Btdstnvi,  Galium  asprellum   .  III-li 

COMPOSITE  Composite. 

The  largest  family  of  flowering  plants. 
Corollas  either  tubular  (or  fiinnel- 
formed  and  lobed)'  or  strap-shaped, 
sometimes  both  kinds  in  the  same 
head ;  when  the  marginal  strap- 
shaped  corollas  form  what  are  called 
tay  flowers,  those  of  the  central  part 
of  the  head  are  called  disk  flowers. 
There  are  almost  always  five  stamens, 
and  the  anthers  are  united  in  a  com- 
mon tube  through  which  the  style 
passes. 

White  Snake-root,  Eupatorium 

ageratoides III-21 

GoIdenAster,C*r)'."V''"/<»''''»'''  HI-  7 
Lance-leaved  Golden-rod,  Sol- 

idago  lanceotata  ....  IV-19 
Blue-stemmed  Golden-rod,  Sol- 

idago  casta 1 V-2 1 

White    Golden-rod,    Solidago 

hicolor IV-17 

Smooth  Golden-rod,  Solidcgo 

serotina IV-13 

Gray  Golden-rod,  Solidago  nem- 

arals IV-15 


'26' 


L_ 


'':iijjwM«^i-ff^^aa;.j'%'ig-?'"«k>,^^;.at!jjh!!iw?i;^ 


SYSTEMATICAL   INDEX. 


Sariw-Pp. 
Heart-leavtd  After,  AiUr  car- 

di/oUus IV-JJ 

Purple-ilemmed    Alter,   Aslir 

pmmtnu IV-17 

Rough-leaved  Alter,  Asttr  ra- 

WlUow-leived  Blue  Alter,  Aittr 

Nmi-BtlgH 'V-13 

White  Heathlike  Alter,  Atttr   ■ 

irUaidii IV-ai 

Paoided   White    Alter,   Aslir 

panicuUaus IV-i  5 

Robin'i  Planuin,  Erigtron  M- 

luHfoUHS  l-'7 

Daily  Fleabane,  Erigtron  stri- 

gosHt ni-13 

Black-eyed    Suun,   RuJitciia 

Urta '"-'9 

Wild  Sunflower,  HtUantAus  gi- 

gantiut III-15 

Beggar-ticki,  Bidtns  frondosa  .  IV-ii 
Larger    Bur-Marigold,    BiiUns 

dirysaiUhtmoidit  .  .  ■  .  IV-ii 
Fall  Dandelion,  Liontodon  au- 

lumnalis IV-35 

LOBELIACE/€,  LobelU. 
Planti  with  milky,  acrid  juice,  alter- 
nate, timple  leaves,  and  scattered, 
racemed  or  panicled  flowers.  The 
corolla  irregularly  5  lobed  and 
mostly  split  down,  on  the  upper 
side;  the  5  stamens  united  into  a 
tube  commonly  by  their  filaments 
and  always  by  their  anthers;  style 
only  one. 

Cardinal  Flower,  Loitlui  cardi- 

nabs "I-'7 

Indian  Tobacco,  LoitUa  infiata  I l-i  5 

CAMPANULACE-C,  CampanuU. 
Herbs  with  milky  juice,  and  scat- 
tered flowers,  with  regular  5-lobed 
(blue  or  white)  corolla,  and  5  sta- 
mens borne  on  the  summit  of  the 
calyx  tube.  Style  i  ;  stigmas  sev- 
eral. Stamens  separate.  Leaves 
alternate. 

Harebell,  Bluebell,  Campanula 
rotundifolia IV-5 

ERICACE/C.  Heath. 
A  large  fiimily  of  shrubs,  herbs,  and 
small  trees.  Flowers  almost  all 
regular  with  as  many  or  twice  as 
many  stamens  as  there  are  petals  or 
lobes  of  the  corolla.  The  heath 
and  heather  belong  10  this  family 
and  are  distinguished  by  needlelike 
evergreen  leaves,  and  4-iobed  corol- 
las. 

Mayflower,  Trailing  Arbutus, 
Epigaa  ripens  .  ■     ■     I-  3 

Shin  Leaf,  Pyrola  Mtptica  .     .11-7 

Bell  Heather,  Erica  cinerea     .  Ill-i  i 

Indian  Pipe,  Monotropa  uni- 
flora n-25 

PLUMBAGINACE/E,  Leadwort. 
Known  by  th»  regular  flowers  with 
5-lobed    plaited   calyx,    5   stamens 
opposite  as  many  petals  and  almost 
separate  from  them,  and  5  styles. 

Sea  Lavender,  Marsh  Rosemary, 
Statue  Limonium  var.  Caro- 
lineana ni-23 

PRIMULACE/C,  Primrose. 

Herbs  with  regular  perfect  flowers, 
the  stamens  borne  on  the  corolla  and 


%mfm.9y. 

as  many  as  iU  diviiioni  and  oppoaite 

them ;  one  ityle  and  stigma. 
Star  Flower,  Trientaki  Amdri- 

cana 1-9 

Four-leaved   Looieitrife,  Lyti- 

macUa  quadrifolia      ■     ■     ■    II-13 
Common  Loosestrife,  Lyiima- 

chia  slricla n-13 

APOCYNACE^,  Dogbane. 

Herbaceous  or  woody  planta,  with 
milky  juice,  opposite  (sometimes 
whorled)  simple  aod  entire  leave*, 
without  itipules,  and  regular  flowers. 
Calyx,  corolla,  and  stamens  in  fivct, 
but  the  itigmai  and  often  the  ityle* 
united  into  one. 

Spreading  Dogbane.  Apocynum 
androsamifolinm  ■     .     .     .    II-15 

ASCLEPIADACEiE,  MUkweed. 
Plants  with  milky  juice  opposite 
(sometimes  whorled)  simple  and 
entire  leaves  without  stipules,  and 
regular  monopetalous  flowers  with 
five  parts  to  the  calyx,  corolla  and 
stamens.  Anthers  connected  with 
the  ttigma.  The  short  filaments 
bearing  curious  appendages  behind 
the  anthers  forming  what  is  called  a 
crown. 

Swamp  Milkweed,  Ascttpias  in- 
carnata III-13 

Common  Milkweed,  Asclepias 

Cornuti Ill-  9 

GENTIANACEit,  Gentian. 

Herbs  with  regular  flowers,  having 
stamens  as  many  as  the  lobes  of  the 
corolla  and  alternate  with  them. 
Leaves  opposite,  simple,  entire  and 
sessile. 

Centaury,  Erythraca,  Erytkraa 

spuata III-20 

Sea  Pink.  Sabbatia  stillaris     .  Ill-  5 

Slender  Sabbatia,  Sabbatia  gra- 
cilis      Ill-  5 

American    Centaury,   Sabbatia 
cMoroitUs Ill-  5 

Fringed  Gentian,  Genliana  cri- 
nita IV-19 

Closed  Gentian,  Bottle  Gentian, 

Genliana  Andrewsii  .     ■     .  IV-ig 

SCROPHULARIACE/t,  Figwort. 
Known  by  the  2-lipped  or  at  least 
more  or  less  irregular  monopetalous 
corolla,  2  or  4  stamens,  single  style 
entire  or  2-lobed   stigma.     A   few 
have  the  corolla  almost  regular,  and 
one  or  two  have  5  stamens  either 
complete  or  incomplete. 
Turtlehead,  Chelone  glabra      .  III-19 
Purple  Gerardia,  Gerardia  pur- 
purea        111-21 

LABIATE.  Mint. 

Herbs  with  aromatic  herbage,  square 
stems,oppositesimpleleaves,2-lipped 
corolla,  the  upper  lip  divided  into  2 
lobes,  the  lower  into  3.  2  or  4  sta- 
mens inserted  on  the  corolla  tube, 
2-lobed  stigma.  Flowers  from  the 
axils  of  the  leaves  or  bracts,  in 
clusters  or  spikes. 

Self-Heal,  Brunella  vulgaris      III-i  i 

0RCH1DACE;€,  Orchis. 
■   Perennial   herbs  more   or   less  de'- 
pendent  upon  insects  for  fertilization . 


The  six-parted  perianth  composed 
of  three  outer  divisions  answering 
to  sepals,  and  the  three  inner  (which 
alternate  with  the  outer  divisions) 
answering  to  petals ;  one  of  these 
which  is  larger  and  difterent  from 
the  others  is  called  the  lip  or  label- 
lum.  There  are  one  or  two  stamens 
which  are  connected  with  the  style ; 
the  pollen  is  moitly  coherent  in 
masiea. 

Calopogon,    Bearded    Orchis, 

Calop0gon  pukheltus  .     ■     .11-11 

Snake's  Mouth,  Pogonia  ophuh 
glossoides ll-i  1 

Uulies'  Tresses,  Spiranthts  cer- 
nua IV-21 

Rattlesnake  Plantain,  Goodyera 
pubescens Ill-  3 

Greenish-White  Orchis,  Habe- 

naria  tridentata     ■     ■     .     .    II-  9 

Smaller  Green  Orchis,  Haiena- 

ria  Hookeri II-  9 

Ragged  Fringed  Orchis,  Habe- 
naria  Icuera 11-  9 

Smaller  Purple-Fringed  Orchis, 

Habenaria  psycodes  .     .    II-M 

Showy  Lady's  Slipper,   Cypri- 
pedium  spectabite  .     .     .     .11-21 

Moccasin-flower,   Lady's   Slip- 
per, Cypripedium  acaule  .     .      1 1-7 

IRIDACEit,  Iris. 
Flowers  perfect  and  showy,  from  a 
spathe  of  two  or  more  leaves  or 
bracto ;  divisions  of  .the  perianth  in 
two  seU  (answering  to  sepals  and 
petals).  Style  I,  or  rarely  3-cleft; 
stigmas  3  opposite  the  3  stamens 
and  the  outer  divisions  of  the  peri- 
anth.    Anthers  &ce  outward. 

Blue  Flag,  Larger,  Ms  versi- 
color   1-23 

Blue-eyed  Grass,  Sisyrinchium 
angustifolium II-3 

LILIACE.C  Lily. 
Large  family  with  regular  symmetri- 
cal flowers,  usually  with  perianth  of 
6  parts,  and  as  many  stamens  stand- 
ing in  front  of  the  divisions.  Chiefly 
herbs  with  entire  leaves. 

Solomon's  Seal,  Polygonatum 
biflorum I-19 

False  Solomon's  Seal,  Smila- 
cena  stellata I-  9 

Canada  Mayflower,  Maianthe- 

mum  Canadeuse    .     .     ■     ■     1-17 

BeWvoTt,  Oaiesia  sessili/olia    .     I- 1 5 

Adder's  Tongue,  Dog's-Tooth 
Violet,  Erythronium  Ameri- 
canum 1-7 

Wood  Lily,  Wild  Red  Lily, 
Lilium  Phitadclphicum     .     .    II-25 

Canada  Meadow  Lily,   Lilium 

Canadense II-23 

Wake-Robin,   Birthroot,  TrU- 

lium  erectum I-l  I 

Painted  Trillium,  Trillium  ery- 
tkrocartum I-l  I 

ARACE^,  Arum. 
Herbs  with  pungent  watery  juice, 
small  perfect  or  imperfect  flowers  in 
a  fleshy  head  or  spike  called  a  spadix, 
usually  furnished  with  the  colored 
enveloping  bract  called  a  spathe. 

Jack-in-the-Pulpit,  Indian  'X\a- 

a\p^  Arisama  triphyllum  1-2 1 


(27) 


(JKHJ-; 


ALPHABETICAL  INDEX 

CF  THE  FOUR  SERIES  OF  WAYSIDE  FLOWERS. 


'i ' 


I 


I 
-C 


S«rim 
I 

I 

I 

II 

I 

I 


Adder's  Tongue  .  . 
AiumoHt  Htmorosa  . 
AHtmoni  quinquifolia 
Antmoni  Virginiana 
Anemone,  Wood  .  . 
Anemonella  IhatictroiJti 
ApetvHum  anJrosamifolium  II 

Aquiltgia  CanadtmU  II 

Arlmtui,  Trailing       ...  I 

Arisitma  trifhytlum  .  .  I- 
Aicltfiai  Cornuti  .  .  .111 
AuUpias  incarnala  .  ,  .III 
AsUr  cordifolitu   .     .     .     .IV 

Aster  erieoides       .     .     .     .  IV 

Aster,  Golden Ill 

Aster,  Heart-leaved  ...  IV 
Astir  Novi-Btlgii      .     .     .IV 

Aster,  Panicled  White    .    .  IV 

Asltr  paniculattu      .     .     ,  IV- 

Astir  fuHiitus      ....  IV' 

Aster,  Purple-stemmed  .,  .  IV 

AsUr  rndttia IV 

Aster,  Rough -leaved  .  .  .  IV- 
Aster,  White  Heatblike .  .  IV 
Aster,  WUIow-leaved  Blue  .  IV 
Baftisia  tinctoria      ...  IV- 

Bedstraw II 

Beggar-ticks IV 

Bellwort 

Bidens  (krysanthemoidis     .  IV- 

Bidtns frondosa   ....  IV 

Birthroot 

Black-eyed  Susan      ...  II 
Bloodroot     ... 

Bluebell       IV 

Blue-eyed  Grass    ....  I 
Blue  Flag,  Larger     .     .    . 

Bluets I 

BruHilla  vulgaris     ...  II 

Bur-Marigold,  Larger     .     .  IV- 
CalopogtH  pttkhitlm 
Caltha  paluslris    .     . 

Campanula  rotundifolia  .  IV- 
Canada  Mayflovrer 

Cardinal  Flower    ....  II 

Centaury,  American       .    .  I! 

CMeni  glabra      ....  II 

Chrysopsis  faUata     ,     .     .  II 

Clover,  Yellow  or  Hop  .    .  II 

Columbine I 

Coptis  Irifolia       .... 

Cranesbill 

Cypriptdium  atauU      .     .  I 

Cypripidium  spictaHU  I 

Daisy  Fleabane     ....  II 


Pp. 

-  7 
-'3 
-•3 

21 

-13 
-13 
-'5 

5 
3 

21 

-9 

'3 

-J3 

-21 

7 

-'3 
->3 
«5 
'5 
>7 
'7 
»3 
23 

21 

'3 

3 

II 

II 

>5 

II 

II 

II 

3 

7 

5 

-  3 
-23 

-  3 
-II 

-II 
5 
5 

-'7 

"7 

S 

<9 

7 

-»3 

5 

7 

»5 
7 

21 

«3 


Dandelion,  Fall     .    . 
Deergran     ... 
Dit intra  Cutullaria 
Dogbane,  Spreading 
Droscra  inlirmedia  var. 

Amiritana  .     .     . 
Dutchman's  Brcechea 
Epigaa  repins      .     . 
Epilohium  anguslifolium 
Epiiobium  hirsulum 
Erica  cinirta        ,     . 
Erigiron  bcltidifolitis 
Erigtron  strigesus     . 
Erythrira  spimta 
Erythronium  Amtritanum 
Eupatorium  agiratoidts 
Evening  Primrose 
Fireweed      .... 
Flowering  Wintergreen 
Foamflower      .     .     . 
Galium  asprellum 
Gentian,  Bottle     .     . 
Gentian,  Closed    .    . 
Gentian,  Fringed  .     . 
Gentiana  Andriuisii 
GiHiiana  crinila .     . 
Giranium  matulalum 
Geranium  Robertianum 
Geranium,  Wild    .     .     . 
Gerard  ia.  Purple   .    .    . 
Gerardia  purpurea  .     . 
Golden-rod,  Blue-stemmed 
Golden-rod,  Gray .     .    . 
Golden-rod,  Lance-leaved 
Golden-rod,  Smooth  .     . 
Golden-rod,  White     .     . 

Goldthread 

Gaodyera  pubeseens    .     . 
Habenaria  Hotkeri 
Habenaria  lactra      .     . 
Habenaria  psycodes   .     , 
Habenaria  tridentata 

Hardhack 

Harebell 

Heather,  Bell  ...  . 
Heliantkus  gigontesu 
Hepatiea  triloba  .  .  . 
Herb  Robert  .... 
Houstonia  carulea  .  . 
Hypericum  adpressum  . 
Hypericum  perforatum 
Impatient  pallida  .  . 
Indian  Pipe  .... 
Indian  Tobacco  .  .  . 
Indian  Turnip .... 


S«rlei  Pp. 
IV-25 

III-17 

I-  5 

11-15 


III 

1 

1 
III 
III- 
III-i 

I-i 
III- 
III-23 

I-  7 

III-21 

IV-  7 

111-15 

I-19 

1-7 

Ill-ii 

IV- 1 9 

IV-19 

IV-25 

IV-19 

IV-25 

1-25 

IV-9 

1-25 

ni-21 

111-21 
IV-2I 
IV-I5 
IV-19 
IV-I3 
IV-I7 

1-7 

III- 3 

II- 9 

11-9 

Il-ii 

11-9 

11-19 

IV-  s 

Ill-ii 

111-25 

1-3 
IV- 
II- 
IV- 
IV- 

III- 

11-25 

II-15 

I-ai 


Indigo,  Wild     . 
/ris  versicolor 
Jack-in-the-Pulpit 
Jewelweed   .     . 
Ladies'  Tresses 
l.Rdy's  Slipper .     , 
Lady's  Slipper,  Showy 
l.ionlodon  autumnalis 
Lilium  Canadense 
Lilium  rhilaJtlphicum 
Lily,  Canada  Meadow 
Lily,  Wild  Red     .     . 
Lily,  Wood      .    .    . 
l.innaa  borealis  .     . 
Liverwort     .     .     . 
Lobelia  cardinalis 
lobelia  injiata 
Loosestrife,  Common 
Loosestrife,  Four-leaved 
l.ysimachia  quadrifolia 
Lysimachia  stricta     .     . 
Maianlhemum  Canadense 
Marsh  Marigold    .     .     . 
Marsh  Rosemary  .    ,    . 

Mayflower 

Meadow  Beauty  ,  .  . 
Meadowsweet  .... 
Milkweed,  Common  .  . 
Milkweed,  Swamp 
Milkwort  .  .  . 
Mitrewort,  False  .  .  . 
Moccasin  Flower  .  .  . 
Monotropa  uniftora  .  . 
Oakesia  stssilifolia  .  . 
(Enothera  biennis  .  . 
Orchis,  Bearded  .  .  . 
Orchis,  Greenish- White . 
Orchis,  Ragged  Fringed 
Orchis,  Smaller  Green 


S«riw  P| 
IV 

I-: 

1-; 

111- 

IV-: 

II- 

11- 

IV-: 

II-: 

II-: 

I1-: 

II-: 

H-: 

1- 

I- 

111- 

II- 

II- 

1I-: 

II- 

II- 

I- 

I- 

1II-; 

I- 

III-l 

II- 

III- 

III 

III-ll,andIV-i 

I- 


Orchis,Smaller  Purple-Fringed  Il-i  1 


Oxalis  acetosella 


Ojcalis  cornicuJata  var.  stricta  !■ 


Parsnip,  Wild  .    .    .    - 
Pogonia  ephioglossoicUt 
Polygala  crueiala 
Polygala,  Fringed      .    . 
Polygala  pauci/olia   ,    , 
Polygala  polygama     ,     . 
Potygtnalum  biflorum 
Purple  Flowering- Raspberry 
Pyrola  eUiptiea     .     . 
Quaker  Ladies      .    .    , 
Rattleanake  Plantain 
Rkexia  Virginico     .     , 
Robin's  Plantain  .    . 


11- 
1I-: 
1-i 
IV- 
II- 
II- 
II- 
II- 


I-21 


I-2S 
ll-ll 
IV-  s 

I-I9 
1-19 

in-ii 

1-19 

11-17 

II-  7 

II- 3 

III-  3 

in-17 

1-17 


Aosa  Carolina      .    , 
Rose,  Wild  Swamp 
Kubus  odoratus 
RucOierkia  kirtn   . 
Rue  Anemone 
Sabbatia  chloroides 
Sabiatia  gracilis  , 
Sabbatia,  Slender 
Sabbatia  slellaris 
Sanguinaria  Canadensis 
Sea  Ijivender   .    . 
Sea  Pink      ... 
Self-Heal     ... 
Shin  Leaf    ... 
Sisyrinchium  angustifalium 
Smilacena  stellata 
Snake-root,  White     . 
Snake's  Mouth      .    . 
Solidago  bicolor     .    , 
So/idagv  casta  ,     ,     . 
Solidago  lanceolata    , 
Solidago  nemoralis    . 
Solidago  serolina  .    . 
Solomon's  Seal       .     . 
Solomon's  Seal,  False 
Spiraa  satidfolia 
Spiraa  tomentosa  .     . 
Spiranlhes  cernua 
Star  Flower      .    .    . 
Slatice  Limonium  var.  Caro- 

lineana    .    ,     . 
Steeple-bush     .    ,    , 
Slillaria  longifolia   . 
Stitchwort,  Long-leaved 
St.  John's-wort,  Common 
St.  John's-wort.  Upright-lv'd  IV-  7 
Sundew,  Long-leaved 
Sunflower,  Wild    .    . 
Thimble-weed      .    . 
Tiarella  cordifilia    . 
Touch-me-not  .    .    , 
Trientalis  Americana 
Trifolium  csgrarium  ■ 
Trillium  erectum 
Trillium  erylkncarpum 
Trillium,  Painted  .    . 
Turtlehead  .... 
Twin  Flower    .    .    . 
Violet,  Dog's-Tooth 
Wake-Robin    .    .    . 
Willow-herb,  Hairy  . 
Wind-flower     .    .    . 
Wood-Sorrel,  While 
Wood-Sorr«l  Yellow 
Zisi'd  aurta     .    ,     . 


(28) 


'  U««<d..__ 


'unp 


StriM  Pp. 
Ill-  7 

III-  7 


In 


angmtifolium 

lata 

hite     , 


mm  var.  Cnro- 


folia   , 
ig-leaved 
t,  Common 
;Upright.Wd  IV-  7 


folia 


rooth 

tiairy  . 

White 
ITeUow 


